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Salinomycin (SAL) is a polyether ionophore antibiotic widely used in the agricultural industry, particularly in poultry and cattle farming. Salinomycin was discovered in the 1970s, and has become an essential tool in animal husbandry due to its potent antibacterial, antifungal,…

Deoxynivalenol (DON), also known as Vomitoxin, is a type of mycotoxin produced by certain species of Fusarium fungi, primarily Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum. These fungi commonly infect cereal grains such as wheat, barley, oats, and corn, posing significant…

 Cytochalasin D is a member of the class of mycotoxins known as Cytochalasins (cytos=cell, chalasis = relaxation), isolated in 19671. Four Cytochalasins were isolated: Cytochalasin A and B from helminthosporium dematioideum, while Cytochalasin C and D from …

Puromycin is a potent antibiotic. It is a widely used research tool in molecular biology and biomedical research. Puromycin is produced from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger, a gram-positive actinomycete, through a series of enzymatic reactions starting from adenosine…

Melittin: a major peptide component of bee venom, its various effects and the mechanisms of its actions.Melittin, is the main constituent in the venom of the European honeybee Apis mellifera. It has attracted considerable attention among researchers, owing to its potential…