Puromycin is an aminonucleoside and a cinnamamido adenosine obtained from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. It inhibits protein synthesis by interrupting peptidyl transfer on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes therefore causing premature chain termination during translation in ribosomes. The mode of action involves the transfer of the amino acids from sRNA into ribosomal protein and it is obstructed in the presence of puromycin, and a subsequent release of incomplete, soluble protein from the ribosome then takes place without ribosomnal breakdown.
Puromycin has a chemical structure that is like the 3ʹ end of aminoacyl-tRNA carrier of tyrosine or phenylalanine. This antibiotic inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and many animal and insect cells. Puromycin is weakly active against Gram-negative microorganisms. It has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and anti-infective, antitumor, antineoplastic properties; and used as an antibiotic in cell culture. Puromycin has a fast mode of action, causing rapid cell death at low antibiotic concentrations. Mammalian cells are sensitive to concentrations of 2 to 5 µg/ml, while cells in suspension are sensitive to concentrations as low as 0.5 to 2 µg . According to Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS), LD50 value in rat is 20 mg/kg (oral), 25 mg/kg (intraperitoneal), and 15 mg/kg (intravenous). It can be used to distinguish between aminopeptidase M and cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase. It has been shown that injections of this antibiotics result in both short-term and one-term memory loss in mice. Puromycin is soluble in water as colorless solution and stable for one year as solution when stored at -20 °C.
Fermentek is a leading company in the biotechnology field. Fermentek is focused on the development and manufacture of biologically active products isolated from nonpathogenic microorganisms (actinomycetes, Nocardia and Streptomycetes) and Fungi (Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium) that are not found in human. They are skilled in the production of customized, quality and high purity antibiotics for research purposes at an affordable price and delivered to the customer within a short time frame
. They produce puromycin dihydrochloride and puromycin animal free with 99% purity which can be used for cell biology research, enzymatic embolic studies, hormonal system studies e.t.c.